Acta Universitatis - Content of 1/2000

Obsah čísla 1/2000

Contents of 1/2000

Název / Title Autoři / Authors	Strana / Page	Odkaz / Ref.
Vědecké články / Research papers
Dielektrické vlastnosti ejakulátu a semenné plazmy býků L. Máchal, I. Křivánek	pp. 7--13	Abstract
Předběžné výsledky pokusu biologického potlačování hraboše polního (Microtus arvalis) některými zástupci řádů dravci (Falconiformes) a sovy (Strigiformes) v okrese Prostějov J. Suchomel	pp. 15--20	Abstract
Liosarcophaga simulatrix sp.n. and Heteronychia fugitiva sp.n. -- the next two unknown species of flesh-flies from Sicily (Diptera, Sarcophagini) D. Povolny	pp. 21--28	Abstract
Vlhkost, spalné teplo a výhřevnost vybraných biopaliv J. Štencl, V. Sladký	pp. 29--33	Abstract
Vliv stupňovaného N hnojení na intervalové přírůsty kořenové fytomasy dočasného lučního společenstva J. Straka, F. Hrabě	pp. 35--39	Abstract
Redescription of Anoplocephaloides baeri Rausch, 1976 (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae), parasite of Apodemus argenteus (Rodentia) from Japan F. Tenora, B. Koubková, M. Asakawa	pp. 41--45	Abstract
Trace metals in soil and their content in seeds of Glycine max cultivars M. Kadlec, J. Létal, J. Staňa, F. Trávník	pp. 47--53	Abstract
Příspěvek ke studiu genetických zdrojů sóji (Glycine max/L./Mer.) z hlediska kvality semen M. Kadlec, P. Michele, J. Létal, M. Baránek, M. Vachůn	pp. 55--59	Abstract
Dynamic penetration used to study of rheological properties of cheese J. Buchar, I. Křivánek, S. Gajdůšek	pp. 61--68	Abstract
Amino Acid Determination in Standard Solution and Feed Mixture: An Interlaboratory Study S. Kráčmar, I. Liška, B. Minařík, J. Zbíral	pp. 69--79	Abstract
Kronika / University Chronicle
65 let Prof. Ing. Josefa Hromase, CSc. F. Zabloudil	pp. 83--86
Prof. Dr. Ing. Vladimír Kyzlink, DrSc., Dr.h.c. -- 85 let I. Ingr	pp. 87--88
Jubileum Ing. Aloise Švendy, CSc. L. Novák	pp. 89--92
Jubileum Ing. Václava Štauda, CSc. J. Neruda	pp. 93--96
Za panem Prof. Ing. Dr. Františkem Burešem, CSc. F. Hrabě	pp. 97--98
Odešel Prof. Ing. Karel Římovský, DrSc. F. Hrabě	pp. 99--100

Dielektrické vlastnosti ejakulátu a semenné plazmy býků

L. Máchal, I. Křivánek

Abstract

Máchal, L., Křivánek, I.: The dielectrical indicators of the bull ejaculate and semen plasma. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 7--13

Dielectric and electric properties (a specific conductivity measured by four electrodes and two electrodes, a real part of relative permitivity and a high frequency specific conductivity) of 57 bulls' ejaculates and semen plasma received from 37 clinically healthy bulls were studied. The average volume of the ejaculate was (8.73+-3.70) cm³, the volume of the semen plasma was (5.90+-2.45) cm³, the sperm concentration was (1.06+-039) mld cm^--3 and sperm activity was (64.4+-12.7)%. The average specific conductivity measured by four electrodes in the whole ejaculate was (0.84+-0.124) S m^--1, in the semen plasma it was about 0,06 S m^--1 higher; by two electrodes it was (0.69+-0.114) S m^--1, and it is about 0.06 S m^--1 higher also in the semen plasma; the same trend was found in high frequency specific conductivity (0.49+-0.21) S m^--1 in the whole ejaculate vs. (0.59+-0.27) S m^--1 in the semen plasma). The real part of relative permitivity was higher in the whole ejaculate 52.53+-28.59 than in the semen plasma (about 11.55). Correlations between specific conductivity and concentrations of the sperm were negative (r_p = --0.51 to --0.14). Negative phenotypic correlations r_p = --0.60 to --0.12 (except specific conductivity measured by two electrodes r_p = 0.05) were found between the volume of the ejaculates and all the dielectric and electric properties.

Předběžné výsledky pokusu biologického potlačování hraboše polního (Microtus arvalis) některými zástupci řádů dravci (Falconiformes) a sovy (Strigiformes) v okrese Prostějov

J. Suchomel

Abstract

Suchomel, J.: The entative results of biological regulation in Microtus arvalis by some species of Falconiformes and Strigiformes in Prostějov area. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 15--20

The tentative results of the biological regulation project of Microtus arvalis exhibited by Falconiformes and Strigiformes pressure in the district of Prostějov were evaluated. In order to increase the number and stabilization of the population of these predators, 2050 nest boxes were placed on the experimental area in 1996. The nest occupation was controled yearly. In 1998 the total number of occupied nest boxes was 173, corresponding to 8,4 %. In the nest boxes following species of Falconiformes and Strigiformes were settled: Falco tinnunculus, Asio otus and Tyto alba. This number of bird predators consumed maximum of 2,28 % of individuals in Microtus arvalis population. Falco tinnunculus consumed 1,3 %, Asio otus 0,68 % and Tyto alba 0,3 %. This pressure by predators did not affect the increase population density of this rodent.

Liosarcophaga simulatrix sp.n. and Heteronychia fugitiva sp.n. -- the next two unknown species of flesh-flies from Sicily (Diptera, Sarcophagini)

D. Povolny

Abstract

Povolny, D.: Liosarcophaga simulatrix sp.n. and Heteronychia fugitiva sp.n. -- the next two unknown species of flesh-flies from Sicily (Diptera, Sarcophagini) . Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 21--28

Liosarcophaga simulatrix sp.n. and Heteronychia fugitiva sp.n. are described from a subtropical valley near a brook formation (Pistacio lentisci-Querceta ilicis) above Altavilla Milicia (District Palermo). These two obviously unknown species were baited on decaying fish during extremely hot midday hours preceding the famous sirocco at temperatures exceeding 35^oC together with some other purely mediterranean flesh-flies [e.g. Liosarcophaga marshalli (Parker)]. The male genitalia of Liosarcophaga simulatrix sp.n. show clear relationship to the continental Liosarcophaga tuberosa (Pandellé) and partly to Liosarcophaga madeirensis (Schiner), an endemic species of Madeira. Heteronychia fugitiva sp.n. appears to be a rather isolated taxon showing some similarities with Heteronychia haemorrhoides(Böttcher)-group of species. These two discoveries evidence additional insect endemics of this island indicating that its insect fauna is far from being thouroughly known. Male genitalia of the new taxa and of their relatives are figured.

Vlhkost, spalné teplo a výhřevnost vybraných biopaliv

J. Štencl, V. Sladký

Abstract

Štencl, J., Sladký, V.: Moisture content, combustion heat and heating value of selected biofuels. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 29--33

Results of laboratory calorimetric measurements of 32 species (in total 409 samples) of biofuels, available in conditions of the Czech Republic, are presented in the paper. Semi-automatic calorimeter HAAKE HC 10 was used for these tests. The heating value was calculated according to the ČSN 44 1310 Czech Standard Solid Fuels. The moisture content of the samples was the most important factor of the heating value. It has been found that the highest energetic value had wood waste (14.3--16.7 MJ.kg^--1), straw briquet (15.2 MJ.kg^--1), stems of Pleuropterus (15.4 MJ.kg^--1), stems of buckwheat (16.1 MJ.kg^--1), and oil crop seeds (18.7 MJ.kg^--1). Recorded heating values of several important biofuels, plants tested, are as follows: 6.4, 8.6, 10.5 and 12.8 MJ.kg^--1 amaranthus stems, Jerusalem artichoke stems, miscanthus, and triticale straw, respectively. All values of combustion heat and heating value were given in tables.

Vliv stupňovaného N hnojení na intervalové přírůsty kořenové fytomasy dočasného lučního společenstva

J. Straka, F. Hrabě

Abstract

Straka, J., Hrabě, F.: Influence of gradual N-fertilizing on the root biomass interval increments of newly established meadow association. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 35--39

This research was carried out on small plots under a newly established meadow association cut three time per year. The stand was established in the Českomoravská vysočina highlands in 1992. Within the period of 1994--1998, interval increments of root phytomass were followed using a container method with four levels of trophism (H₀ -- no fertilisers, H₁ -- P₃₀ K₆₀, H₂ -- N₉₀ P₃₀ K₆₀ and H₃ -- N₁₈₀P₃₀K₆₀). When evaluating effects of fertilisation, statistically highly significant root increments were found in experimental variants with N doses than in those without nitrogen (average annual increments of 745 and 748 g.m^--2 vs. 641.6 and 628.4 g.m^--2, respectively). As far as the individual cuttings were concerned, higher increments were recorded in fertilised variants only in the first (by 4.6--39%) and the second harvest (by 12.8--33.7%), respectively. On the other hand, within the period of growth of the third harvest, lower root mass increments were observed in all three fertilised variants than in non-fertilised control. As compared with the control variant, significantly higher daily increments were observed in N-fertilised treatments than in control (4.51--4.55 g.m^--2 vs. 3.85--3.88 g.m^--2, resp.). A similar situation was observed also when comparing individual cuttings: in fertilised variants, the highest daily increments were observed before the first and the second cutting while in control the highest root phytomass production was observed before the third cutting. The highest R:S ratio was recorded in the non-fertilised variant (13--21); with the increasing level of feeding its values gradually narrowed. After 1996, a general decrease in root phytomass increments and in total biomass was observed.

Redescription of Anoplocephaloides baeri Rausch, 1976 (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae), parasite of Apodemus argenteus (Rodentia) from Japan

F. Tenora, B. Koubková, M. Asakawa

Abstract

Tenora, F., Koubková, B., Asakawa, M.: Redescription of Anoplocephaloides baeri Rausch, 1976 (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae), parasite of Apodemus argenteus (Rodentia) from Japan. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 41--45

On the basis of new findings of the tapeworm Anoplocephaloides baeri Rausch, 1976 in Apodemus argenteus (Rodentia) from Japan, a redescription of species is presented. New investigation on A. baeri shows some differences from the diagnosis of Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 emend. Rausch, 1976. There are these differences: a) type of pregravid and gravid uterus (uterus is not transverse tube, developing anterior and posterior sacculations but is presented only by sacculations without transverse tube) and b) by presence of some male postmature segments without uterus. With this complex of features the material of A. baeri shows some similarities with the genus Hokkaidocephala Tenora, Gulyaev, Kamiya, 1999. It seems that new genera arrangement of A. baeri is not excluded.

Trace metals in soil and their content in seeds of Glycine max cultivars

M. Kadlec, J. Létal, J. Staňa, F. Trávník

Abstract

Kadlec, M., Létal, J., Staňa, J., Trávník, F.: Trace metals in soil and their content in seeds of Glycine max cultivars (in English). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 47--53

The assumption of significant differences in the content of some heavy metals in seeds of soybean cultivars (Glycine max /L./ Mer.) was tested. The content of cadmium, copper, zinc, chromium, lead and nickel in seeds and soil samples have been analysed and compared in two years (1995-96). Field trials included one standard variety and 55 soybean cultivars. 15 random soil samples covering the whole testing area were also analysed. The high content variability was found for cadmium and zinc with respect to different genotypes. In spite of a low content in soil samples (20.36 mg.kg^--1) the high content of zinc was revealed in soybean seeds (total average 34.01 mg.kg^--1 over all genotypes). Significant differences in the content of copper and nickel were also detected. However, with respect to the relatively higher content of lead and chromium in soil samples (14.88 mg.kg^--1 and 5.50 mg.kg^--1, respectively) these heavy metals were not accumulated in seeds or only on a minimal level (total average 0.18 mg.kg^--1 for lead and 0.20 mg.kg^--1 for chromium over all genotypes).

Příspěvek ke studiu genetických zdrojů sóji (Glycine max/L./Mer.) z hlediska kvality semen

M. Kadlec, P. Michele, J. Létal, M. Baránek, M. Vachůn

Abstract

Kadlec, M., Michele, P., Létal, J., Baránek, M., Vachůn, M.: Genetic resoures of soybean (Glycine max/L./Mer.) with respect to the quality of seeds. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 55--59

The collection of soybean genetic resources (varieties, lines) was studied with respect to the quality of seeds. Soybean seeds were obtained from field trials (4 blocks, 1996--1998 years). Nutrition factors (content of N-matters and fat), trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA), urease activity (UA) and some heavy metals (cooper, zinc, cadmium, lead and chromium) were analyzed. N-matters were found in the range of 312.4--384.0 g/kg and content of fat in the range of 163.9--220.8 g/kg. Variety Polanka and lines L-1154/95, L-1157/95 were selected available for a milk program, variety Sluna and line L-797/95 for fat program. Values of TIA varied from 32.6 to 80.4 mg/g, UA from 4.98 to 10.37 units of activity. Results for heavy metals were following: Cu from 7.25 to 23.24 mg/kg, Zn from 4.9 to 62.78 mg/kg, Cd from 0.73 to 0.97 µg/kg, Pb from 4.5 to 7.5 µg/kg and Cr from 3.7 to 7.2 µg/kg. The expected positive correlation between TIA and UA was not found.

Dynamic penetration used to study of rheological properties of cheese

J. Buchar, I. Křivánek, S. Gajdůšek

Abstract

Buchar, J., Křivánek, I., Gajdůšek, S.: Dynamic penetration used to study of rheological properties of cheese. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 61--68

Experimental results on the penetration of steel balls into Eidam cheese are presented. The theory of the use of these data for the evaluation of some rheological properties (yield strength and dynamic viscosity) of cheese is described. It is found that this method is able to distinguish between the cheeses of different fat content as well as of different rippening.

Amino Acid Determination in Standard Solution and Feed Mixture: An Interlaboratory Study

S. Kráčmar, I. Liška, B. Minařík, J. Zbíral

Abstract

Kráčmar, S., Liška, I., Minařík, B., Zbíral, J.: Amino Acid Determination in Standard Solution and Feed Mixture: An Interlaboratory Study. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun. (Brno), 2000, XLVIII, No. 1, pp.: 69--79

In the interlaboratory study, 18 laboratories from the Czech and Slovak Republics determined the amino acid content in the standard amino acid mixture and in the feed mixture after acid hydrolysis performed by their routine method. Of 290 determinations, 71 results were eliminated (24.5 %) in the standard amino acid mixture and of 265 determinations of amino acids, 29 results (10.9 %) were eliminated in the feed mixture. The results for Tyr, Phe and His were eliminated most frequently and the least for Ala. No results were eliminated for Cys₂ (cystine) in the standard amino acid mixture and for Pro, Ser, Ile and Leu in the feed mixture.